FEATURES OF ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MORBID OBESITY
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Abstract
Morbid obesity is a significant pathological condition that considerably complicates anesthesia and analgesia during surgical treatment. Patients in this category exhibit pronounced anatomical and physiological changes, such as reduced functional residual lung capacity, increased airway resistance, cardiovascular disorders, and a higher likelihood of gastroesophageal reflux, all of which significantly elevate the risks of perioperative complications.
This article presents current data on key aspects of preoperative preparation, including risk stratification and patient optimization. It discusses the specific features of selecting and applying induction and maintenance anesthesia methods, considering altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Particular attention is given to intraoperative monitoring, including respiratory function and hemodynamic management, and the use of regional analgesia techniques.
The importance of a multidisciplinary approach to perioperative management of morbidly obese patients is emphasized, aimed at minimizing complications and improving the efficacy of anesthetic support. The findings can help improve clinical outcomes in this patient category.
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