Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj <p><strong>Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (GIIRJ) </strong>is a monthly peer reviewed international journal. The international interdisciplinary journal publishes the articles in various disciplines. We invite authors to submit the original research papers for the current issue of our journal. GIIRJ is started with the vision of providing the platform to the researchers in 2013 and providing the services with best quality paper publications in the areas not limited Sciences, Humanities, Economics, Finance, Engineering, History, Educational Advancements, Education and Sports Sciences, Tourism and Physical Sciences. </p> <p><strong>A PEER REVIEWED REFEREED MONTHLY E-JOURNAL</strong></p> <p><strong>(ALL SUBJECT ONLINE MONTHLY JOURNAL)</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>ISSN (E):</strong> 2347-6915</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>SJIF Impact Factor 2023</strong>: 8.057</li> </ul> <table style="height: 288px;" width="296"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="58"> <p><strong>Year</strong></p> </td> <td width="103"> <p><strong>SJIF Impact Factor</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2023</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>8.057</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2022</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>7.718</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2021</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>7.472</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2020</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>6.914</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2019</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>6.519</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Submission Date:</strong> Open</li> <li><strong>Publication Date:</strong> Within 48 Hours </li> </ul> <p><strong>Send your Manuscripts to:</strong> editorgalaxyjournal@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> en-US Thu, 07 Sep 2023 17:45:51 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.6 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 EXPLORING THE REPRESENTATION OF DEATH AND LOSS IN 20TH-CENTURY WORKS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4363 <p>The article delves into the profound exploration of death and loss in various artistic works of the 20th century. The 20th century witnessed significant shifts in societal norms, technological advancements, and global conflicts, which greatly influenced the artistic expressions of the time. Artists across different mediums, including literature, visual arts, and film, grappled with the themes of mortality, grief, and the human experience of loss.</p> Jurayeva Sevara Kakhraman qizi Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4363 Thu, 07 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 MODERN PROBLEMS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN AND STUDENTS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4364 <p>The article is devoted to identifying current problems of modern sports and the physical health of students and schoolchildren. It contains data on surveys, in percentage terms. This article reflects the causes and global nature of problems with sports among students. It dispels the myths that sports are not for everyone and is engaged in attracting the attention of adolescents and students to physical activity. The article also talks about the role of physical education for the younger generation.</p> Pardaev Bakhrom Pulatovich Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4364 Sun, 10 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 IMPROVING THE USE OF INTERACTIVE METHODS BY TEACHERS OF INFORMATICS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4365 <p>In the ever-evolving landscape of education, it is imperative that Informatics teachers embrace interactive methods to enrich the learning experience for their students. This article explores the significance of interactive teaching techniques in Informatics education and offers practical insights for educators to enhance their instructional strategies. By leveraging technology, fostering active participation, and promoting collaborative learning, teachers can cultivate a dynamic and engaging classroom environment that fosters deep understanding and critical thinking in the field of Informatics.</p> Musurmanov Ulug‘bek Amirkulovich Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4365 Sun, 10 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 THE EFFECT OF SPECIFIC EXERCISES TARGETING SPECIFIC AREAS ON THE SKILL AND TACTICAL PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4366 <p>The research aims to prepare specific exercises targeting specific areas to enhance the skill and tactical performance of young soccer players. It also seeks to determine the impact of these specific exercises on the development of skill performance in young soccer players. The research adopted an experimental approach and followed the experimental design for both control and experimental groups with pre-test and post-test assessments. The research sample consisted of 14 players from Mosul Sports Club in the youth category, selected purposefully. The experiment was conducted over 12 weeks, with four training sessions per week, totaling 48 units. <br>This third chapter includes the devices and tools used in the research, data collection methods, the two survey experiments, and the tests used in the research. It also covers the scientific principles of the tests, the pre-test and post-test, the main experiment, and the statistical methods used for data analysis.</p> Raed Raad Shaker, Prof. Dr. Morad Bahaloul, Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4366 Mon, 11 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 REFORMS IMPLEMENTED IN THE LIVESTOCK FIELD IN THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE IN CURKHONDARYO https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4367 <p>In the article, the work carried out in the development of the livestock industry in the Surkhandarya region, the activities of farms in the livestock industry, the establishment of breeding, strengthening the feed base, increasing the number of livestock and the volume of production, purchasing equipment, technology information is given on the development of farming, the provision of long-term preferential loans for livestock farmers.</p> Shohida Jumaeva Chorievna Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4367 Mon, 11 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 COMMON ASPECTS OF AUTHOR'S SKILL AND STYLE IN TRAVELOGUES https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4368 <p>In this article, a special approach in the style of writing travelogues, the completion of vivid expressions in images, the introduction of interesting stories from each other that tell about the wonders of the peat, the way the surrounding world manifests its freshness in a different country, the issuance of thought-minded teran Musah in bringing full-fledged information about the training of foreign representatives only spoken.</p> PhD. Ne'matova Hulkar Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4368 Mon, 11 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 RESULTS OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS ON COTTON FAMILIES AND LINES BASED ON PAIR AND COMPOSITE HYBRIDS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4369 <p>In the article, it is mentioned that it is important to create and introduce productive selection varieties of cotton, which meet the requirements of the world market, which are quick-ripening, fiber quality, suitable for different soil-climate regions, and researches are aimed at bringing out the results of composite breeding to the full extent. In the researches, information on the separation of cotton families and lines into clusters based on valuable economic characteristics based on the cluster dendrogram was given, and it was explained that as a result of dividing families and lines into groups according to clusters, it is possible to combine them according to valuable economic characteristics.</p> Barotova Anisa Razzokovna , Kholmurodova Guzal Ruzievna, Tangirova Gulchekhra Nasridinovna Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4369 Tue, 12 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DIGITIZATION OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING THEIR EFFECTIVENESS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4370 <p>Modern requirements for the digitization of the transport system represent the interdependence of technical and technological, operational efficiency and socio-economic aspects. These demands for the digitalization of the transport sector require a concerted effort to use advanced digital technologies and strategies to not only optimize the existing transport infrastructure, but also to fundamentally revise its architecture.</p> Komilov A. A. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4370 Wed, 13 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 VARIABILITY OF YIELD ELEMENTS IN F2-F3 PLANTS OBTAINED AS A RESULT OF PAIR HYBRIDS OF SOY https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4371 <p>The article presents the results of the number of pods per plant and the weight of seeds per plant in F2-F3 plants obtained on the basis of varieties introduced from Korea. The highest results in terms of the number of pods per plant were among the introduced variety samples in the variety sample SN30(-969), F2-F3 SN27(-266) x SN30(-969) and F2SN28(-268) x SN30(-969) combinations, one plant it was highlighted that among the parent forms, the seed weight in the plant was obtained in the SN7(-014) cultivar sample, and in the F2KO18 x SN30(-969) combinations.</p> Kholmurodova Guzal Ruzievna , Tangirova Gulchekhra Nasridinovna Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4371 Thu, 14 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUE CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL "SOCHILMAS" AND "NAFIS" VARIETIES OF SOY https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4372 <p>The article deals with the methods of evaluating the economic characteristics of local soybean varieties "Sochilmas" and "Nafis".</p> Juraev S. T., Sobirova D. Z. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4372 Thu, 14 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 COMMUNICATION AND ITS SOCIAL TYPES AND IMPORTANCE IN THE HUMAN HIERARCHY https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4373 <p>This article describes what communication is like, its psychological and social structures, what types of content it is like, and how communication and speech styles go in social society. At the same time, it details how important communication is to a person's social life.</p> Uzaqbayeva Surayyo , Jiyanov Karimboy Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4373 Thu, 14 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ARISING IN OPEN-PIT MINING OPERATIONS TODAY, AND THE BASIS OF THEIR REDUCTION BASED ON THE USE OF EMULSION EXPLOSIVES IN BLASTING OPERATIONS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4374 <p>Mining is an important economic activity that provides important minerals and raw materials for industry. However, mining activities have negative effects on the environment, such as water and air pollution and soil degradation. These environmental problems are caused by the intensive use of chemicals, explosives and heavy machinery during the mining process. The negative impact on the environment can continue long after mining has ended.</p> M. J. Normatova, A. O. Bekmuratov Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4374 Fri, 15 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 STUDY OF THE QUARRY SIDE SCOPE AND ROCK MASS COEFFICIENT FOR MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4375 <p>The design and parameters of the non-working sides of the quarry must meet the requirements of stability and placement of the necessary platforms on them. A decrease in the angle of inclination of the side by 2-3° at the time of quarry closure leads to a significant increase in the volumes of overburden removed and the costs of field development. An excessive angle of inclination of the side compared to the angle of the stable slope can cause landslides and rock collapses. The selection of the optimal contours of the quarry is very important when mining mineral deposits, since the volume of industrial reserves of minerals and the volume of overburden in the quarry, which determine the productivity and life of the quarry, depend on them.</p> Abdurashidov Shakhriyor Mashrabjon ugli , Muhammadiyev Akbar Rakhim ugli, Berdimurodov Sanjar Abdurasul ugli Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4375 Fri, 15 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 COMMENTS ON THE TYPES OF EXPRESSIONS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4376 <p>This article provides information about one-link, two-link, three-link expressions, and expressions expressing sign and action. In addition, idioms are classified in terms of their meaning, their level of use, and comments on their functional and stylistic features are highlighted.</p> Hayitmurodova daughter of Marjona Bekzod, Scientific Supervisor: Anvar Sobirov Kuvandikovic Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4376 Sat, 16 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 RENAISSANCE OF TIMURID PERIOD AND ITS PLACE IN WORLD CIVILIZATION https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4378 <p>In this article, the concept of renaissance, renaissance and renaissance during the Timurid period, the culture of Timur and the Timurid era were briefly covered by the author, and the contribution of the renaissance of the Timurid era to the world civilization was given.</p> Sodiqova Muhabbat Salimovna Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4378 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 MODERN METHODS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF MICROANGIOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4380 <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus belongs to the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are currently the main cause of early disability and mortality in the working-age population. According to Panzram G., diabetes mellitus increases mortality 2-3 times, the risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction - 2 times, kidney pathology - 17 times, gangrene of the lower extremities - 20 times, arterial hypertension - more than three times.</p> Bekasheva G. M., Alijonov D. A., Kholmatova G. A. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4380 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT IN CHRONIC CORONARY HEART DISEASE https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4381 <p>The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and the quarantine measures that followed it, in particular, the self-isolation of the population, could seriously affect the quality of permanent pharmacotherapy (FT) and the adherence to it of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases. In patients with stable coronary artery disease during self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lack of constant contact with the attending physician, a deterioration in adherence was revealed with an increase in the number of patients who stopped taking several or all prescribed drugs. The most pronounced negative dynamics was observed in adherence to disaggregants and statins. The leading barriers to adherence during the period of self-isolation were the fear of side effects of LP and unwillingness to take a large amount of LP for a long time.</p> Atakhanova S. K., Vakhabov B. M. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4381 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 COMPLEX ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION IN THE CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF NEPHROANGIOPATHIES IN LATENT DIABETES TYPE 2 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4382 <p>Diabetes mellitus, due to its high prevalence and severe medical and social consequences, is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine. Type 2 diabetes gives the character of a global epidemic to diabetes, which, according to WHO data for 2010, affects 285 million people worldwide. The costs of treatment of diabetes and its complications in the developed countries of the world account for 10-15% of the total health budget. The most dangerous consequences of the global epidemic of diabetes are its systemic vascular complications, which are the main cause of disability and mortality of patients with this pathology. Taking into account the continuous increase in the incidence of DM, as well as an increase in the life expectancy of these patients, a significant increase in kidney damage in this pathology is predicted. Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by significant structural rearrangements of the kidney and is a life-threatening, constantly progressive complication of diabetes.</p> Dilshodov A. D. , Sobirov A. A. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4382 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 THE LEARNING INTEREST IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION: IN THE LENS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4383 <p>The main emphasis of this study is junior high school students learning interest in social studies. 14 junior high school students who attended Carmen National High School and were chosen by purposive sampling participated in in-depth interviews and focus groups. To comprehend the perceptions and experiences of the pupils, a phenomenological technique was adopted in this study. According to the survey, social studies students typically struggle to express their ideas, beliefs, and concepts in the way they would like. These junior high school students accepted these challenges and sought help from their teachers despite the obstacles in learning. They develop greater self-direction, optimism, and zeal for learning to overcome their lack of interest in the topic. The researchers advise that participation must be encouraged for each student to feel like a vital component of the process. Additionally, administrators should organize seminars, workshops, or other professional development opportunities for instructors to engage kids in all areas, not just social studies. With the help of the seminar workshops, they could their areas of strength and weakness.</p> Chris An Aguimlod, Melrose Tanduyan, Ermae Trangia, Genesis Genelza Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4383 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF AGROTECHNICS OF WORM FEEDING UNDER FILM ON THE YIELD OF COCOONS IN CLUSTERS AND FARMS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4384 <p>Feeding caterpillars of mulberry silkworm under the film gives the opportunity even development of the silt also full digest of the leaf which in final result raises vitality for 2-3 % and yield of cocoons of one box of caterpillars for 7-9 kg.</p> CH. I. Bekkamov, Z. P. Bozorbaeva Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4384 Sun, 17 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF ARTERIAL PERMEABILITY DISORDERS OF THE LEGS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4385 <p>In the article is submitted information about chronic venous insufficiency, the main reasons of the disease. Described the main symptomatology, classification chronic venous insufficiency, discoursed methods of objective investigation venous system by the ultrasound examination for reasons of diagnosis chronicle venous insufficiency. Pay attention to complex conservative therapy that included elastic compression and phlebotonics, in particular Eskusan. 49 patients (female) with the initial displays of chronic venous insufficiency were under the supervision. All patients received Eskusan during long term period minimum 2 month. It was proved that Eskusan is able to increase tonus of venous wall and as a result could normalize function of veins valves because it has veinotonic, capillary protection, antiendemic, antiinflammatory, antiaggregating, antioxidant effects.</p> Tashtemirov A. R., Kodirov Sh. N. Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4385 Wed, 20 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 THE ROLE OF THE EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISOR (UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR) IN DEVELOPING THE PROFESSIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS APPLYING THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION LESSON IN THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS SCIENCES / UNIVERSITY OF AL-QADISIYAH https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4386 <p>The importance of the research lies in the role of the educational supervisor, the university professor, in developing the professional performance (planning, classroom management, teaching skills, curriculum, evaluation) for the practitioners, as well as building a scale. Research problem the researchers formulated the problem in the form of a question (What is the role of the educational supervisor (university professor) in Developing the professional performance of the students applied to the lesson of physical education in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Al-Qadisiyah). Through the use of the Registration Division. The sample of the current research consisted of (100) male and female students, and the sample was drawn according to the stratified random method, with a rate of (60%) from the original population, and that was the use of the remaining students for the survey samples. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey and normative method for its suitability and the nature of the problem. The research conclusions of the educational supervisor (university professor) had an effective and significant impact on the development of professional performance (planning, classroom management, teaching skills, curriculum, and evaluation) for applied students. As for the recommendations, it was necessary to intensify visits by the educational supervisor (university professor) and continuous follow-up to hone the ability and potential of the applied students in the lesson of physical education. As for the statistical methods, the researcher used the (spss) bag.</p> Assist / Prof. Dr. Thamer Hussein Kahat, Assist. Lec / Hazim Thabet Zughayer, Assist / Prof. Dr. Walid Samir Hadi Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4386 Wed, 20 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 “THE IMPACT OF A REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR ANKLE SPRAINS ON DEVELOPING RANGE OF MOTION AND SOME PHYSICAL ABILITIES IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS” https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4387 <p>The significance of this research lies in the connection between physical education and sports medicine, given its crucial role in both treating injuries that may pose a threat to athletes and in the rehabilitation and prevention of such injuries. The study aimed to investigate the impact of a proposed rehabilitation program in treating ankle sprains and strengthening the associated muscles in football players. The researcher employed the experimental method with a single experimental group design. The program was applied to a sample of (7) football players who suffered from ankle sprains, selected purposively. The injuries were determined through clinical examination and MRI scans. The researcher conducted a series of pre-tests before commencing the rehabilitation program, which lasted for (4) weeks, consisting of (3) rehabilitation sessions per week, totaling (12) rehabilitation sessions. Subsequently, post-tests were administered.</p> Dr. Basim Obaid Safr Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4387 Wed, 20 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000 AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE STRATEGIC VISION LEVEL FOR ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORUM AND YOUTH OF THI QAR AIMS TO ASSESS AND ANALYZE THE SITUATION https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4388 <p>The study focused on the importance of strategic planning for administrative development in the Youth and Sports Forums, aiming to develop and enhance the organizational structure, update systems and regulations in response to environmental changes.</p> Dr. Hayder Hasan Httaihet Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/4388 Wed, 20 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000