Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj <p><strong>Galaxy International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (GIIRJ) </strong>is a monthly peer reviewed international journal. The international interdisciplinary journal publishes the articles in various disciplines. We invite authors to submit the original research papers for the current issue of our journal. GIIRJ is started with the vision of providing the platform to the researchers in 2013 and providing the services with best quality paper publications in the areas not limited Sciences, Humanities, Economics, Finance, Engineering, History, Educational Advancements, Education and Sports Sciences, Tourism and Physical Sciences. </p> <p><strong>A PEER REVIEWED REFEREED MONTHLY E-JOURNAL</strong></p> <p><strong>(ALL SUBJECT ONLINE MONTHLY JOURNAL)</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>ISSN (E):</strong> 2347-6915</li> </ul> <ul> <li><strong>SJIF Impact Factor 2024</strong>: 8.346</li> </ul> <table style="height: 288px;" width="296"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="58"> <p><strong>Year</strong></p> </td> <td width="103"> <p><strong>SJIF Impact Factor</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2023</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>8.057</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2022</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>7.718</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2021</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>7.472</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2020</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>6.914</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="58"> <p>2019</p> </td> <td width="103"> <p>6.519</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Submission Date:</strong> Open</li> <li><strong>Publication Date:</strong> Within 48 Hours </li> </ul> <p><strong>Send your Manuscripts to:</strong> editorgalaxyjournal@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> en-US editor@internationaljournals.co.in (Dr. V. Choudhary) admin@internationaljournals.co.in (Kartik Sharma) Tue, 06 May 2025 18:55:37 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.6 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 METHODOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SELECTION OF EXERCISES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WRITTEN SPEECH OF STUDENTS IN ENGLISH https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6310 <p>This article reflects on how important and important it is to write to written speech and schoolchildren, as well as on the fact that writing exercises, which are part of speech skills, are needed not only during the upper lass years, but throughout the entire working life, and on the state standards and requirements for exercises to be selected for the development of written speech.</p> Orzikhon Mamaziyoeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6310 Tue, 06 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 FEATURES OF PREPARATION AND SURGICAL TECHNIQUES IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION WITH MULTIPLE RENAL ARTERIES https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6312 <p>Kidney transplantation is considered the most effective treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as it typically leads to better survival rates and quality of life than dialysis. However, anatomical variations such as multiple renal arteries (MRAs), observed in 18–35% of donors, introduce significant technical challenges during organ retrieval, vascular reconstruction, and anastomosis, increasing the risks of complications like thrombosis, stenosis, and delayed graft function (DGF). The aim of this review is to summarize and critically evaluate contemporary strategies for preoperative imaging, surgical preparation, operative reconstruction techniques, and postoperative outcomes in kidney transplantation involving MRAs. We conducted a structured narrative synthesis based on 27 recent peer-reviewed publications (2010–2024), including meta-analyses, clinical cohort studies, and guideline reviews. Data show that with accurate preoperative planning, especially using CT angiography and 3D reconstruction, MRAs can be reliably identified and classified. Surgical strategies vary from bench reconstruction of arterial confluences to separate multiple anastomoses depending on vessel diameter and orientation. Although transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) and DGF are statistically more frequent in MRA grafts compared to single-artery grafts [1, 5, 10, 14], long-term graft and patient survival rates are comparable [3, 6, 11, 22]. Emerging approaches, including computational hemodynamic modeling, endovascular therapies, and robotic-assisted transplantation, are broadening technical capabilities and minimizing risks. The review highlights the need for unified surgical guidelines and supports the feasibility and safety of MRA grafts when handled by experienced multidisciplinary teams. Limitations of existing literature include heterogeneity in reconstruction methods and underreporting of long-term vascular outcomes. Nonetheless, this review contributes by systematizing available knowledge and outlining evidence-based practical recommendations for surgical teams. It underscores the importance of integrating imaging technology, surgical innovation, and risk stratification in the management of anatomically complex kidney grafts.</p> Ongarbaeva G. B., Akbarov M. M., Irisov O. T., Matkarimov Z. T. Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6312 Thu, 08 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 MODERN PROSECUTORIAL DISCOURSE BEHAVIOR IN THE 21ST CENTURY AND ITS UNIQUE ASPECTS (IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK) https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6313 <p>This article explores the modern discourse behavior of prosecutors in the 21st century within the context of English and Uzbek languages. It examines the evolving linguistic, rhetorical, and ethical features that distinguish contemporary prosecutorial speech. By analyzing real-life examples and legal practices from Uzbekistan and English-speaking countries, the study identifies both universal and culturally specific traits of prosecutorial communication. The findings reveal that global trends such as digitalization, transparency, and multilingualism shape prosecutorial language use, while traditional legal-cultural values still exert influence on tone and structure.</p> Anora Abduraimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6313 Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 DISCOURAGED WONDER IN THE CREATIVITY OF ESHKABEL SHUKUR https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6314 <p>In this article, the depressive wonder in the poetry of Eshkabil Shukur is based on the poet's poems "Tanazzul", "Dreams without rhyme between two worlds", "The Plague of Hijron" and "Dreams without rhyme between two worlds", "The moon of dreams", "The cursed puppy trace emanating from the devil", "the nail that is being torn away", "the ruined house that is flying". Disambiguation pages with short descriptions</p> Abdurahmonova Uldona Abdujapbarovna Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6314 Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN EDUCATION https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6315 <p>In the modern world of science and technology, the rapid penetration of the education system into digital technologies creates the basis for the analysis and pedagogical justification of many products offered in the information space. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to briefly explain the concept of digital technologies, outline the priorities of digital development of the educational process, its advantages, analyze the importance of the need for scientifically sound implementation of digital technologies in higher education.</p> Obloqulova D. A. Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6315 Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 INDEPENDENT WORK OF STUDENTS - THE MAIN FACTOR OF THE CREDIT-MODULAR SYSTEM https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6316 <p>The article deals with the peculiarities of organization of independent work of students in the credit-modular system of teaching the discipline “Fundamentals of Literary Studies”. The introduction of credit-modular system according to the Bologna Declaration in the educational process of Uzbekistan is studied. The conclusions characterizing independent work of students as one of the factors of credit-modular system of teaching are given in the conclusion.</p> Zulfiya Zhuraevna Pardaeva Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6316 Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6317 <p>The article emphasizes the importance of the attractiveness of the investment environment today, the main factors influencing it, and their specific features. At the same time, the issues of the state and main directions of the stability of the economic and legal system, the development of the financial system and the credit market, which have a significant impact on the attractiveness of the investment environment, are highlighted.</p> Hamdamova Nilufar Hamdullo qizi Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6317 Sat, 10 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 PROPAGATION OF OSCILLATIONS AND CHANGE IN PHASE VELOCITY OF A THREE-LAYER ROD https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6318 <p>Consider a three-layer structure consisting of a bar or a beam (Figure .1). Let the structure be infinite on both sides. Let the member material be elastic. Suppose that the bending of the structure occurs in the plane xy.</p> Narzullaev Muhammad Azamat Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6318 Mon, 12 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 FORMATION OF EARLY MATURITY IN COMPLEX AND CONVERGENT COTTON FAMILIES https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6319 <p>The article presents the formation of early maturity in complex and convergent cotton families. It is noted that all the isolated families were early maturing, especially the dominance of the O-357-68/18, O-155-58/18 and O-503-08/18 families. This indicates that they were formed in relation to the parental genotype. It is advisable to use these families in genetic and selection studies to improve the trait.</p> Maxsuna Xakimova Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6319 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 MULTIFACTORIAL ANALYSIS OF IMMUNE AND ENDOCRINE MARKERS IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6320 <p>Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial disorder associated with endocrine, metabolic, and immune dysregulation.</p> Musakhodjaeva D. A., Azizova Z. Sh., Olimova N. I., Ruzimurov N. F., Rustamova N.B., Mannabjanov P. B.; Mansurov B. M. Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6320 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES USED IN E–LEARNING https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6321 <p>This article aims to explore various technologies utilized in the delivery of e-learning. E-learning provides learners with the opportunity to pursue their education in a manner that is both convenient and accessible. It is a highly flexible and self-directed approach to learning, enabling individuals to engage with educational content at their own pace. As a globally accessible platform, e-learning also serves as a powerful motivator for adult learners. The drive to learn may stem from a desire for recognition, enhanced self-esteem, innate curiosity, or the pursuit of self-confidence and personal growth—each of which reflects the fundamental essence of learning.</p> Kasimova Mukhayo Alaevna Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6321 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING INTERNET ADDICTION IN YOUNG PEOPLE https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6322 <p>Internet addiction has emerged as a growing psychological and behavioral concern among young people in the digital era. With the widespread use of smartphones, social media, and online gaming, many adolescents and young adults are experiencing patterns of compulsive internet use that interfere with their academic performance, social life, and emotional well-being. This article provides an in-depth review of the most widely recognized methods used to diagnose internet addiction in young people. It explores both clinical and psychometric approaches, including self-report questionnaires, behavioral assessment tools, and structured interviews. The article also highlights the challenges of diagnostic accuracy, cultural sensitivity, and the overlap of internet addiction with other psychological disorders.</p> Khatamova Dilafruz Aminovna Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6322 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 DIGITAL EVIDENCE IN THE DETECTION AND INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES COMMITTED USING INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6323 <p>The article examines the concept, content and features of the algorithm for detecting, recording and using digital evidence in solving and investigating crimes committed using information and digital technologies and artificial intelligence. The stages of this algorithm are analyzed, tactical methods for detecting, recording digital evidence during inspection and subsequent seizure and assignment of computer-technical, software-technical and other types of examinations aimed at analyzing digital evidence are shown. Based on the opinions of domestic and foreign scientists, the author proposes solutions for improving the mechanism for using the capabilities of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence in investigating crimes committed in virtual cyberspace.</p> Alimjan A. Matchanov Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6323 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000 IMPROVING STRATEGIC PLANNING IN TEXTILE ENTERPRISES BASED ON INTERRELATIONSHIPS https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6324 <p>This article explores the improvement of strategic planning in textile enterprises by focusing on effective interrelationships with resource suppliers. The aim is to reduce costs and ensure uninterrupted production. The study highlights the importance of organizing efficient supplier relationships as a foundation for enhancing strategic planning.</p> Madartov B. Q., Xolmurodova G. R. Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://internationaljournals.co.in/index.php/giirj/article/view/6324 Tue, 13 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000