PREDICTION OF ANNUAL MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE FOR JAPAN USING THE DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING TECHNIQUE

Authors

  • Smartson. P. NYONI Independent Researcher & Medical Doctor, Harare, Zimbabwe
  • Thabani NYONI Independent Researcher & Health Economist, Harare, Zimbabwe

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17605/

Keywords:

Exponential smoothing, Forecasting, Maternal Mortality Ratio

Abstract

This study uses annual time series data on MMR for Japan from 1985 to 2023 to predict future trends of MMR over the period 2024 to 2035. The study utilizes Holt’s double exponential smoothing model. The optimal values of smoothing constants α and β are 0.8 and 0.1 respectively based on minimum MSE. The results of the study indicate that MMR will remain very low over the out of sample period. Therefore, we encourage authorities to address local causes of avoidable maternal deaths.

References

[1]Arbahim H. Yacoub., Sanae Elomrani., Ali A., Abdoulkader Arbahim., M. Mohamed., Ahmed Boudak and Rachid Bezad (2025). Risk factors for maternal mortality at two national reference maternity hospitals in Djibouti City, 2019-2023, African Journal of Reproductive Health September 2025; 29(9):161

[2]WBG (2023). Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 2023.World Bank Open Data. Available: https://data.worldbank.org

[3]WHO (2020). Maternal Mortality. Available: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/Maternal-mortality.

[4]WHO (2023). Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2020: estimates by Who, UNICEF, Unfpa, World Bank Group and UNDESA/Population Division. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. Licence: CCBY-NC SA3.0IGO.

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Published

2026-07-31

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