PROTEIN METABOLISM IN DIFFUSE TOXIC GOITER

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive review of the alterations in protein metabolism associated with diffuse toxic goiter, commonly known as Graves' disease. Drawing upon a synthesis of clinical observations and experimental findings, the authors explore the multifaceted effects of thyroid hormone excess on protein turnover and homeostasis. The review encompasses key aspects of protein metabolism, including protein synthesis, degradation, and nitrogen balance, elucidating the mechanisms underlying hyperthyroidism-induced changes in cellular and systemic protein dynamics. The authors discuss how hyperthyroidism promotes increased protein catabolism, leading to muscle wasting and alterations in nitrogen balance. Furthermore, they examine the impact of thyroid hormone signaling on metabolic pathways involved in protein synthesis and degradation, highlighting the regulatory roles of thyroid hormones in cellular protein turnover. Insights from clinical studies, including metabolic assessments and biochemical markers of protein metabolism, are integrated with experimental models to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between thyroid function and protein metabolism in diffuse toxic goiter. The article concludes with implications for clinical management and potential therapeutic strategies targeting protein metabolic pathways in the context of hyperthyroidism-associated protein derangements.